Evolution of Service Model and Architecture of ASP Business

ASP has been a buzzword among enterprise IT area since mid 1990s. Following after the hype cycle of new technologies like others, many market analysts say that ASP technology is now in a plateau of productivity sequence through trough of disillusionment sequence over past 5 years. In the Republic of Korea, MIC (Ministry of Information and Communication) and KT began ASP service called bizmeka® to help companies adopt the newest information technologies on KT’s information superhighway since 2000. Like other ASP players in other countries, there were similar obstacles and problems that are difficult to solve. But with the introduction of new concept of service model and architecture, the difficulties of managing business improved. In this paper, we will discuss about how ASP business of Korea started, managed and made evolution of service model and architecture to meet the various demands of enterprises over past 4 years

Kinetic analysis of continuous gossypol production from Gossypium arboreum using permeabilization, elicitation, and immobilization

The purpose of this study was to develop a continuous process of secondary metabolite production from plant cells. A novel reactor with simultaneous use of plant cell immobilization, permeabilization, and elicitation was designed to enhance the productivity of secondary metabolites and to overcome limitations of plant cell culture such as slow metabolic rate, low product yield, and sensitivity to shear stresses. Production of gossypol, an anti-fungal agent, from Gossypium arboreum was selected as a model system. The effects of permeabilization, elicitation, and immobilization on gossypol production were investigated in free suspension culture, an immobilized plant cell reactor with recycled batch operation, and a bioreactor with continuous operation. The cell growth in the batch suspension culture followed the Monod kinetics with sucrose as a primary substrate while the production of gossypol followed the Leudeking-Piret equation. Permeabilization was used as a means to releasing secondary metabolites from plant cells. Permeabilization of immobilized cells provided a tool for a continuous process increasing release of gossypol by 30%, while the elicitation technique played a major role in enhancing productivity more than 8-fold. G. arboreum cells were effectively immobilized on cotton matrix by entrapment with a spirally wound configuration. In comparisons of productivity, continuous operation and combined treatment gave over 20-fold higher productivity than batch culture. Simultaneous use of immobilization, permeabilization, and elicitation was possible in continuous operation with an immobilized plant cell reactor. The proposed models of permeabilization and elicitation took into accounts the effect of DMSO and/or elicitor addition on growth and production. The elicitation model explained the secondary metabolite production as a series reaction of signal transduction, mRNA synthesis, enzyme synthesis, and product formation. An axial dispersion model was suggested to explain the behavior of the immobilized plant cell reactor. The models proposed here showed good fit to experimental data

Do feminists still respond negatively to female nudity in advertising? Investigating the influence of feminist attitudes on reactions to sexual appeals

To test the belief that feminism and sexualization of women in advertising stand in opposition, this study employed a large US national sample (N = 1298) to examine how consumers’ feminist attitudes differentiate and predict their ethical judgment and ad-related evaluations of sexual images of women in advertisements. The results indicate that (1) consumers with higher feminist attitudes evaluated sexual ads more favorably than those having lower feminist attitudes, and (2) consumers’ feminist attitudes positively predict ad-related evaluations with full mediation of ethical judgment. These findings, which diverge from previous research, may indicate that contemporary feminists view sexual images of women differently than in previous decades. Theoretical and practical implications are described

Real-world impact of the fixed-dose combination on improving treatment outcomes of drug-susceptible tuberculosis: a comparative study using multiyear national tuberculosis patient data

Background The fixed-dose combination (FDC) for first-line antituberculosis (TB) treatment has long been a standard practice worldwide; however, there is limited evidence on whether the use of FDC improves long-term treatment outcomes in the real-world setting.Methods We identified 32 239 newly diagnosed patients with drug-susceptible (DS) TB in 2015 and 2016 who had been prescribed FDC or non-FDC TB treatment from a multiyear (2013–2018) national TB cohort database that linked the Korean National Tuberculosis Surveillance System, the National Health Insurance Database and the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) with a propensity score was used to control for differences in patient characteristics between 5926 patients with TB treated with FDC and 26 313 patients with non-FDC. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess for the factors influencing treatment outcomes between the two groups.Results After IPTW, new patients with DS-TB treated with FDC had higher treatment completion rate (83.9% vs 78.9%, p<0.01) and lower death rates (8.2% vs 9.8%, p<0.01) with similar TB recurrence rate (2.3% vs 2.4%) compared with those treated with non-FDC. In multivariable analyses, FDC use had higher odds treatment completion (adjusted OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.34 to 1.56). Patients with TB with younger age (relative to 70+ age) and higher income level had higher odds for treatment completion. Use of FDC did not influence TB recurrence after treatment completion (adjusted HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.77 to 1.16). The acquired drug resistance rate was similar between the two groups (drug-resistant TB in FDC 4.7% vs non-FDC 5.3%; p=0.80).Conclusion In Korea, prescription of FDC to treat newly diagnosed patients with DS TB improved patient’s treatment completion. Use of FDC did not increase the risks of TB recurrence or development of drug resistance

The production of fuels and chemicals from food processing wastes using a novel fermenter separator

During 1991, considerable progress was made on the waste utilization project. Two small Wisconsin companies have expressed an interest in promoting and developing the ICRS technology. Pilot plant sites at (1) Hopkinton, IA, for a sweet whey plant, and Beaver Dam WI, for an acid whey site have been under development siting ICRS operations. The Hopkinton, IA site is owned and operated by Permeate Refining Inc., who have built a batch ethanol plant across the street from Swiss Valley Farms cheddar cheese operations. Permeate from Swiss Valley is piped across to PRI. PRI has signed a contract to site a 300--500,000 gallon/yr to ICRS pilot plant. They feel that the lower labor, lower energy, continuous process offered by the ICRS will substantially improve their profitability. Catalytics, Inc, is involved with converting whey from a Kraft cream cheese operation to ethanol and yeast. A complete project including whey concentration, sterilization, and yeast growth has been designed for this site. Process design improvements with the ICRS focussed on ethanol recovery techniques during this year's project. A solvent absorption/extractive distillation (SAED) process has been developed which offers the capability of obtaining an anhydrous ethanol product from vapors off 3 to 9% ethanol solutions using very little energy for distillation. Work on products from waste streams was also performed. a. Diacetyl as a high value flavor compound was very successfully produced in a Stirred Tank Reactor w/Separation. b. Yeast production from secondary carbohydrates in the whey, lactic acid, and glycerol was studied. c. Lactic acid production from cellulose and lactose studies continued. d. Production of anti-fungal reagents by immobilized plant cells; Gossypol has antifungal properties and is produced by G. arboretum

Mitigation of Grain Boundary Effect in 3D Vertical NAND Flash with Macaroni Structure

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Tunable Mobility in Double-Gated MoTe2 Field-Effect Transistor: Effect of Coulomb Screening and Trap Sites

There is a general consensus that the carrier mobility in a field-effect transistor (FET) made of semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides (s-TMDs) is severely degraded by the trapping/detrapping and Coulomb scattering of carriers by ionic charges in the gate oxides. Using a double-gated (DG) MoTe2 FET, we modulated and enhanced the carrier mobility by adjusting the top- and bottom-gate biases. The relevant mechanism for mobility tuning in this device was explored using static DC and low-frequency (LF) noise characterizations. In the investigations, LF-noise analysis revealed that for a strong back-gate bias the Coulomb scattering of carriers by ionized traps in the gate dielectrics is strongly screened by accumulation charges. This significantly reduces the electrostatic scattering of channel carriers by the interface trap sites, resulting in increased mobility. The reduction of the number of effective trap sites also depends on the gate bias, implying that owing to the gate bias, the carriers are shifted inside the channel. Thus, the number of active trap sites decreases as the carriers are repelled from the interface by the gate bias. The gate-controlled Coulomb-scattering parameter and the trap-site density provide new handles for improving the carrier mobility in TMDs, in a fundamentally different way from dielectric screening observed in previous studies. © 2017 American Chemical Society1331sciescopu